What is a Conservative?
My daughter asked me this question the other day. I found it difficult to reply, because there is no one answer. However, I did find the opportunity to note that there may be two basic types of conservative.
The first type of conservative, probably the most common type, believes that people are basically good. Because of their innate goodness, they should be given the freedom to do most of what they want, being restrained only when what they want hurts other people. Therefore, government should be minimal, because large government hinders freedom. Charity should be left to the private sector, because naturally good people naturally want to help others. This is a sensible perspective, if the premise is correct.
I am not this sort of conservative, however. I belong to a second group of conservatives, whom I will call Christian conservatives. (Note that there are many people who would identify themselves as Christians who would belong to the first group.) I am a conservative because I believe that people are basically evil. Because of their innate badness, people tend to infringe upon the persons and properties of their neighbors to the extent that they have the power to do so. It may be something as simple and personal as the rape of a woman by a man who is physically stronger than she, or as impersonal as a business using money to create a situation in which a property owner is forced to sell his land to them. If this is sounding like liberalism, wait just a second. Government is made of the same, basically bad, people as those who comprise the general population. In fact, because of the power bestowed by politics, one could argue that most people in government actually exercise their badness more than usual. As a result, government should be small, because the larger government is, the more power it exerts over the citizenry (or the subjects) and the greater the opportunity for the abuse of power. I believe that the founders believed generally in my sort of conservatism, based upon the way in which freedoms were outlined in the Constitution. Government is prohibited from censorship, not because censorship is bad, but because it gives the government too much power. Government is barred from instituting a religion, not because religion is bad, but because it gives the government too much power.
Ironically, it is the first sort of conservative who is closest to being a liberal. After all, if people are basically good, then where does the evil come from? And if people are basically good, then groups of people should be even better. And what is government, after all, but a mutual aid society? The second sort of conservative would answer that government is not a mutual aid society, but rather a means for us to keep an eye on our neighbor, to prevent him from doing us harm.
